Addition and omission of the acts and condition of prayers

1272. Whenever a person intentionally adds something to the obligatory acts of prayers, or omits something from them, even if it be only a letter, his prayers become void.

1273. If a person, due to his ignorance about the rule, adds or omits a non – Rukn of Namaz, his Namaz is void. But if adding or omitting a non – Rukn is due to justifiable ignorance, then he will have to offer his Namaz again.
And if someone, due to his ignorance about the rule, prays Fajr, Maghrib and ‘Isha with silent Qira’at, or Zuhr and ‘Asr with loud Qira’at, or offers four Rak’ats for Zuhr, ‘Asr or ‘Isha where he should have prayed two because of travelling, his prayers will be in order.

1274. If a person realizes during prayers that his Wudhu or Ghusl had been void, or that he had begun offering prayers without Wudhu or Ghusl, he should abandon that prayers and repeat the same with Wudhu or Ghusl. And if he realizes it after the prayers, he should pray again with Wudhu or Ghusl. And if the time for the prayers has lapsed, he should perform its Qadha.

1275. If a person remembers after reaching Ruku’, that he has forgotten the two Sajdah of the preceding Rak’at, his prayers are void. And if he remembers before

going to Ruku’, he should return to perform the two Sajdah. Then he should stand up to recite Surah Al – Hamd and Surah or Tasbihat Arba’ah, and complete the prayers. And after the prayers, he should, as per obligatory precaution, perform two Sajdah – e – Sahw for additional standing.

1276. If a person remembers before saying “Assalamu ‘Alayna …” and “Assalamu ‘Alaykum …” that he has not performed the two Sajdah of the last Rak’at, he should perform the two Sajdah and should recite Tashahhud again, and then recite Salam.

1277. If a person realizes before the Salam of prayers, that he has not offered one Rak’at or something more from the end part of prayers, he should perform the part which had been forgotten.

1278. If a person realizes after the Salam of prayers that he has not offered one Rak’at or more from the end part of the prayers, and if he has done any such thing which would invalidate the prayers, were he to do so intentionally or forgetfully, like turning away from Qibla, his prayers will be void. But if he has not performed any such act then, he should immediately proceed to perform that part of the prayers which he forgot, and should offer two Sajdah - e - Sahw for additional Salam.

1279. If a person after the Salam of prayers, does an act which would have invalidated the prayers, were then to do so intentionally or otherwise, like turning away from Qibla, and then remembers that he had not performed two Sajdah of the last Rak’at, his prayers will be void. And if he remembers it before he performs any act which would invalidate the prayers, he should perform the two forgotten Sajdah, and should recite Tashahhud and Salam of the prayers again. And he should perform two Sajdah – e – Sahw for the Salam recited earlier.

1280. If a person realizes that he has offered the prayers before its time set in, or mistakenly or unknowingly he has offered the prayers with his back towards Qibla, or has prayed towards the right or the left of Qibla, he should offer that prayer again, and if the prescribed time for it has lapsed, he should perform its Qadha. However, if he has made a mistake in specifying the direction of Qibla, if he realizes about his mistake before the time lapses, he should offer his Namaz again, but if he realizes after the lapse of time, Qadha is not required, however, as per recommended precaution, one should offer its Qadha.